Xanthine oxidase inhibition and white matter hyperintensity progression following ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (XILO-FIST): A multicentre, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled TRIAL
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Authors
Dawson, J
Robertson, M
Dickie, D.A
Bath, P
Forbes, K
Quinn, T
Broomfield, N.M
Dani, K
Doney, A
Houston, G
Issue Date
2023
Type
Scientific Paper
Language
Keywords
Research Subject Categories::MEDICINE::Dermatology and venerology,clinical genetics, internal medicine::Internal medicine::Cardiovascular medicine
Alternative Title
Abstract
Background: People who experience an ischaemic stroke are at risk of recurrent vascular events, progression of cerebrovascular disease, and cognitive decline. We assessed whether allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, reduced white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression and blood pressure (BP) following ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
Methods: In this multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 22 stroke units in the United Kingdom, we randomly assigned participants within 30-days of ischaemic stroke or TIA to receive oral allopurinol 300 mg twice daily or placebo for 104 weeks. All participants had brain MRI performed at baseline and week 104 and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at baseline, week 4 and week 104. The primary outcome was the WMH Rotterdam Progression Score (RPS) at week 104. Analyses were by intention to treat. Participants who received at least one dose of allopurinol or placebo were included in the safety analysis. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02122718.
Findings: Between 25th May 2015 and the 29th November 2018, 464 participants were enrolled (232 per group). A total of 372 (189 with placebo and 183 with allopurinol) attended for week 104 MRI and were included in analysis of the primary outcome. The RPS at week 104 was 1.3 (SD 1.8) with allopurinol and 1.5 (SD 1.9) with placebo (between group difference −0.17, 95% CI −0.52 to 0.17, p = 0.33). Serious adverse events were reported in 73 (32%) participants with allopurinol and in 64 (28%) with placebo. There was one potentially treatment related death in the allopurinol group.
Interpretation: Allopurinol use did not reduce WMH progression in people with recent ischaemic stroke or TIA and is unlikely to reduce the risk of stroke in unselected people.
Original languageEnglish
Article number101863
Number of pages10
JournaleClinicalMedicine
Volume57
Early online date16 Feb 2023
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2023
Description
Citation
Dawson J, Robertson M, Dickie DA, Bath P, Forbes K, Quinn T, Broomfield NM, Dani K, Doney A, Houston G, Lees KR, Muir KW, Struthers A, Walters M, Barber M, Bhalla A, Cameron A, Dyker A, Guyler P, Hassan A, Kearney MT, Keegan B, Lakshmanan S, Macleod MJ, Randall M, Shaw L, Subramanian G, Werring D, McConnachie A. Xanthine oxidase inhibition and white matter hyperintensity progression following ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (XILO-FIST): a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Feb 16;57:101863. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101863. PMID: 36864979; PMCID: PMC9972492.